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The time during which a worker is obligated to actually work under the employment contract with the employer. It does not necessarily mean only the time spent actually using one's body and mind to perform tasks, but refers to the state of being under the employer's command and supervision for the purpose of work. Therefore, waiting time for the next task, preparation and cleanup before and after work, etc., are included in working hours as long as they are under the employer's command and supervision. Working hours are one of the most important labor conditions, and from the perspective of worker protection, the Labor Standards Act imposes strict restrictions on this. In other words, working hours are based on 8 hours per day and 40 hours per week, and shall not exceed these limits, establishing the principle of 8 hours of labor per day (Labor Standards Act Article 49). However, by agreement between the parties, extended work is allowed up to a limit of 12 hours per week (same Act Article 52). At this time, the employer must pay an additional 50% or more of the regular wage for extended work (same Act Article 55).